![]() The first animal ever to be tracked by the now ubiquitous Argos satellite system was a basking shark in 1982, using a towed system that recorded up to 12 locations a day for 17 days, giving insights into their use of Scottish waters. In the marine realm, there is now a good understanding of the spatio-temporal distribution of a range of large marine vertebrate groups, such as marine mammals, sea turtles, sharks and seabirds (Seabird Tracking Database, BirdLife International, ). Revolutions in digital technology have yielded an ever-increasing range of electronic tools to track the three-dimensional movements of terrestrial and aquatic animals over space and time, as well as their internal state and physiology. The present study is the first successful use of an AUV to gain insight into the sub-surface behaviour of basking sharks. These offsets varied depending on the trade-off of between water clarity and proximity of the AUV for obtaining useful video data and directly influencing shark behaviour. AUV offset distances for videography were determined iteratively through tracking. Conspecifics were not observed in the three missions, nor were courtship or breeding behaviours. One basking shark was observed defecating. Sharks spent very little time feeding, and travelled relatively close to sandy, rocky and algae-covered benthos. We detail the first successful autonomous tracking of basking sharks, comprising three missions that filmed basking sharks in mid-water and close to benthic habitats. The basking shark is the second largest fish in the world and is endangered globally, but despite being subject to various biologging studies, little is known of this species breeding ecology and their mating grounds remain unknown. In the present study, we use an AUV, the REMUS-100 SharkCam, paired with a custom transponder tag attached to the shark, to autonomously follow three basking sharks for a cumulative total of 10.9 h to collect video and environmental data on their sub-surface behaviour. Some AUVs have been used to film target animals, but are generally limited to periods as long as a drone operator can actively follow an animal. Advances in autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs or UAVs) and unmanned aerial vehicles (commonly known as drones), which can carry far larger payloads of sensor technologies, have revealed insights into the environment through which animals travel. If there is a software update available, hit download and install.Biologging studies have revealed a wealth of information about the spatio-temporal movements of a wide range of vertebrates large enough to carry electronic tracking tags. You’ll likely already be running iOS 11.0 or later, but if you’re not sure, simply head to your settings > general and then tap software update. In order to access this feature, your device will need to be AR enabled.įor Android users, Google requires an operating system of Android 7.0 or later, originally shipped with the Google Play store already installed, and internet access.įor iPhone users, you need to be running iOS 11.0 or later. ![]() ![]() Read more: Life is so much better with my emotional support animal What does AR enabled mean? It first gained popularity when people realised they could see a huge 3D panda when they googled the animal – but there’s a huge list of animals the feature works for.īut the list is endless – you and your kids could discover many more animals to learn about.
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